Let’s enjoy Dunhuang art of Grain in Ear.
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Green wind caress, summer clouds leisurely, ripe plum yellow, Ding Zhuang in the gang. So far officially into the midsummer season, farmers everywhere in the field busy figure. Today is grain in Ear. In dunhuang frescoes, there are also a lot of scenes depicting this solar term, including harvesting, ploughing and grazing, wheezing and taking a rest in the field.
"Make seventy-two hou set solution" said: "May festival, that there are awn kind of grain can grain kind." Grain in Ear marks the official start of midsummer, when rainfall is plentiful and temperatures rise significantly.
On this day, the little mantis that had been sleeping since late autumn of last year broke out of its shell; Five days later, shade-loving shrikes began to sing in the branches; Five days later, the bird stopped singing because of the tiny Yin qi.
To farmers, grain in Ear means "being busy with everything".
Wheat autumn mulberry leaves, plum rain paddy fields new. On one side, summer crops are at their peak and need to be harvested. On the one hand, the best time to sow summer crops, overdue.
This time, more "timing" meaning. Whether harvest or sowing, are in the race against time, seize the opportunity. As far as I could see, the golden people were busy everywhere, but the birds were singing in the fields.
Dunhuang has a mans
We thought that the location of Dunhuang and the climate would hinder the development of agriculture. But Dunhuang just breaks our imagination. It is a pearl in the desert, an oasis on the Gobi. As an important town on the Silk Road a thousand years ago, agriculture, animal husbandry, handicrafts and commerce were all quite developed.
During the Tang Dynasty, Dunhuang was not only self-sufficient in grain, but also a supply base for the Tuobian army. During the tianbao years, the grain purchased in Hexi amounted to 371,000 stone, accounting for about one third of the national total. Shazhou was one of the main grain producing areas in Hexi.
At that time, the crops in Dunhuang were mainly wheat. There were records of planting rice in the middle and middle Tang Dynasty. According to documents unearthed in the Cave, millet, mi, beans, hemp, cotton and other crops were also planted at that time.
The mural in Cave 148 of Mogao Grottoes in the tang Dynasty is also a lively harvest scene. Farmers two a group, three a team, with tacit understanding, harvesting, tying, carrying a load, play, show... The side of the cattle are relaxing, it seems to be full of energy. Everywhere overflowed with the joy of the summer harvest.
At this time of year, rain and sunshine are even and changeable. It was sunny, but then it began to rain. Lingfu Mountain green shade trees, a thick cloud drifting, as if just stretch out your hand, you can touch the summer moist.
The wind blows over the mountain, and the sound of the remote mountain passes through. In this quiet rich mountain scenery, it is a leisurely walk.
Mow mai was very busy
"Tian less idle month, may people times busy. At night, the south wind rises, and the wheat is covered with longhuang. A woman eats a handful of rice, a child carries a jug of water. Ding Zhuang is in nangang. Foot steaming summer soil, back burning tianguang. I know not heat, but summer is long." This is the mow wheat scene in bai Juyi's eyes, and this continuous online busy state is also intuitively expressed in dunhuang frescoes.
In cave 20 of Yulin Grottoes, the Maitreya Classics of the Five Dynasties is painted with the scene of farmers harvesting and hoisting fields in order to show a beautiful world with seven harvests in the future. In the lower part of the picture, two farmers are cutting wheat with sickles. In the upper part, a farmer is holding a shovel and a woman is sweeping the field with a broom.
In cave 61 of the Mogao Grottoes, there is also a vivid picture of yangyang. Farmers with a small scarf bun, standing on a stool holding dustpan when the wind. Dunhuang proverb: "the wind Yang valley, chaff who ascend first." When the grain is lifted against the wind, the empty husks and husks are brought to the front. Therefore, do not care about the pompous virtual China of the moment ostentatious, genuine talent has always been composed not to reveal the edge.
The mountain farming animal husbandry
When the farm is busy, not only the farmers have to pay a lot of sweat, but also the oxen work hard to serve the harvest in the wind and rain. In the mural of mogao Grottoes 321 in the early Tang Dynasty, someone is harvesting at the foot of the mountain, and several oxen are drinking water and resting between labors, showing a scene of farming and grazing.
The field trip
Grain in Ear season, girls out of the house, the field is the most people. Lunch time, sitting on the ground, a few words of gossip, dilute the tension of work after a little tired. The mural of the tang Dynasty in Cave 23 of the Mogao Grottoes depicts a warm scene of a family of three dining in the field. A large bowl was placed between them. The mother was talking with her left hand holding the bowl and her right hand on her chest. The child holds the bowl in both hands and listens; Father left hand end bowl, right hand chopsticks, eat with relish. Although it was a simple meal, the family lived happily.
Grain in Ear has been the busiest time of the year since ancient times. If you are lazy for a while, all the efforts before may come to naught and end in misery; If the harvest is in time and the seed is in time, it makes a happy ending and a beautiful preface.
Grain in Ear today, find an empty mountain sit quietly, listen to an empty valley echo, by nature shuhuai, and self reconciliation.
The wind, the summer, the green hills, and you, are not all moving towards a beautiful goal?
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